- To study in greater depth the acceptability of the PROTECT system. More specifically, the level of acceptability of the processes, technology and data sharing provisions of the proposed no-gate solution to various traveller and stakeholder groups should be tested and quantified. Usability studies with real passengers should be conducted including analysis of operational constraints, for example, including the blocking of a “bad traveller”, which might bring difficulties for border guards, and with large numbers of passengers at the same time. It is proposed that this work could be undertaken by a recently funded EC project "PERSONA" whose mandate is to examine the acceptability of no-gate crossing solutions.
- To study the exploitation potential for the PROTECT on-the-move person identification system beyond border security; for example, adaptation of the developed concepts, processes and technology for ticketless travel, barrier less entry to buildings (access control), events, stadia, etc.
To further work on standardization efforts, especially in new and emerging international standards on biometrics (e.g. IEC/ISO 22604 Technical Report on Biometric recognition of subjects in motion in access control related systems.
To conduct a longer term and phased evaluation / trial of the developed PROTECT solutions for both air/sea and land borders in real operational environments with real travellers (legal issues permitting). Such a trial would seek to facilitate a statistically significant biometric performance evaluation, establish the stability/robustness of the solution, and obtain further feedback for acceptability studies.
To further work on spoofing detection across the different contactless and on-the-move biometric modalities employed to further enhance security. This includes increasing the number of attacks as well as the viability analysis of those attacks.
To develop methods (e.g. an AI system) to determine (e.g. by learning) dybamically the biometric weighting factors for the different biometrics (in the fusion process) depending upon the application (use case / environment)
To further work on customising the interface to the individual traveller (kiosk) adopting relevant standards (e.g. EN 1332-4)
- To study the location of kiosks for pre-enrolment since the transfer of sensitive personal data cannot be given in, for example, a train station or motorway station.
- To continue to engage with policy makers to help inform on the legislative changes that would be required to deploy the PROTECT solutions within the EU.
- To study in more depth the operatonal requirements around non-compliant travellers in the deployment of the PROTECT solution.
Further research would be beneficial on virtualization of travel documents not involving smartphones. Specifically, more research is needed on an easy to use app combined with future UHF passport
To establish the business case for scenarios not directly considered in PROTECT, for example as part of a walkway for ferries or cruise ships
To study in greater depth network security, specifically how a secure interface to the Border Control System could be created to transmit biometric and biographic information “just in time” from a smartphone
To study in greater depth localisation of travellers within the biometric capture environment. More specifically, how commercial Wifi based tracking system could confer benefits for traveller localisation.
To establish the potential to integrate the developed PROTECT biometrics on-the-move person identification system with the EU iBorderCtrl project innovations which demonstrate complementary aspects of border security including document inspection and risk analysis
To undertake further work on promising emerging hardware and software biometric technologies (e.g. iris on-the-move, light field cameras, soft biometrics) which could be integrated into the PROTECT system
To establish how the PROTECT solution could be integrated into a holistic approach to identify verification which includes analysis of and solutions to target a wider set of vulnerabilities in the "identity lifecycle" such as face morphing and imposter detection and document verification.
To examine the potential to produce a portable (mobile) version of the developed PROTECT biometric corridor which could be deployed at different locations at (especially sea) ports
To liaise with FRONTEX to assist in introducing the PROTECT solution to EU Member States and beyond, enabling effective and efficient border control in many countries, complimenting the fight against organized crime and document fraud
To study attack scenarios on the PROTECT contact on-the-move biometric identification system; this includes developing and analysing threat models for the PROTECT system, generating risk assessments, and develop solutions to mitigate the risks.
To study the trustworthiness and security of smartphones as carriers of sensitive personal data (i.e. biometric templates and biographic data) in greater depth. This includes the security of the link between the smartphone and border authorities to send sensitive personal data required by the PROTECT system.
To further study unified template protection techniques in the signal domain to improve their respective security. Also, consider the possibilities in extending the chosen approach to also cover anthropometrics.
Neither commercial nor non-commercial finger vein capturing is currently fully contactless. This has to be driven further.
To further study 3D vascular data capturing without employing video but several differently placed sensors.
To investigate 3D face recognition techniques better suited to be integrated (also with respect to chosen sensor technology, e.g. ToF) into a border scenario solution.